Glossary
Use this glossary to learn about terms used in HAQQ Network and the Cosmos ecosystem.
Active set
The top 150 validators that participate in consensus and receive rewards.
Air drops
A transfer of free cryptocurrency from a crypto project into users’ wallets in order to increase interest and incentivize the use of a new token.
Blockchain
An unchangeable ledger of transactions copied among a network of independent computer systems.
Blocks
Groups of information stored on a blockchain. Each block contains transactions that are grouped, verified, and signed by validators.
Bonded validator
A validator in the active set participating in consensus. Bonded validators earn rewards.
Bonding
When a user delegates ISLM to a validator to receive staking rewards and in turn obtain voting power. Validators never have ownership of a delegator's ISLM. Delegating, bonding, and staking generally refer to the same process.
Burn
The permanent destruction of coins from the total supply.
Commission
The percentage of staking rewards a validator will keep before distributing the rest of the rewards to delegators. Commission is a validator’s income. Validators set their own commission rates. As of this writing, commission must be greater than or equal to 5%
Community pool
A special fund designated for funding community projects. Any community member can create a governance proposal to spend the tokens in the community pool. If the proposal passes, the funds are spent as specified in the proposal.
Evergreen DAO
Coming soon
Consensus
A system used by validators or miners to agree that each block of transactions in a blockchain is correct. The Osmosis blockchain uses Tendermint consensus engine. Validators earn rewards for participating in consensus. Visit the Tendermint official documentation site for more information.
Cosmos-SDK
The open-source framework the Osmosis blockchain is built on. For more information, check out the Cosmos SDK Documentation.
dApp
An application built on a decentralized platform (short for decentralized application).
DDoS
Distributed Denial of Service attack. When an attacker floods a network with traffic or requests in order to disrupt service.
DeFi
Decentralized finance. A movement away from traditional finance and toward systems that do not require financial intermediaries.
Delegate
When a user bonds ISLM to a validator to receive staking rewards and in turn obtain voting power. Validators never have ownership of the bonded ISLM. Delegating, bonding, and staking generally refer to the same process.
Delegator
A user who delegates, bonds, or stakes ISLM to a validator to earn rewards.
Fees
- Gas: Computed fees added on to all transactions to avoid spamming. Validators set minimum gas prices and reject transactions that have implied gas prices below this threshold.
Full node
A computer connected to the HAQQ Network able to validate transactions and interact with the HAQQ blockchain. All active validators run full nodes.
Governance
Governance is the democratic process that allows users and validators to make changes to the HAQQ Network. Community members submit, vote, and implement proposals.
Governance proposal
A written submission for a change or addition to the HAQQ Network. Topics of proposals can vary from community pool spending, software changes, parameter changes, or any idea pertaining to the HAQQ Network.
Inactive set
Validators that are not in the active set. These validators do not participate in consensus and do not earn rewards.
IBC
The inter-blockchain communication protocol (IBC) creates communication between independent blockchains. IBC achieves this by specifying a set of structures that can be implemented by any distributed ledger that satisfies a small number of requirements. IBC facilitates cross-chain applications for token transfers, swaps, multi-chain contracts, and data sharding. At the moment, HAQQ utilizes IBC for token transfers. Over time, HAQQ will add new features that are made possible through IBC.
Jailed
Validators who misbehave are jailed or excluded from the validator set for a period amount of time.
Module
A section of the HAQQ core that represents a particular function of the HAQQ Network.
Proof of Stake
A style of blockchain where validators are chosen to propose blocks according to the number of coins they hold.
Rewards
Revenue generated from fees given to validators and delegators.
Self-delegation
The amount of ISLM a validator bonds to themselves. Also referred to as self-bond.
Slashing
Punishment for validators that misbehave.
Stake
The amount of ISLM bonded to a validator.
Staking
When a user or delegator delegates and bonds ISLM to an active validator in order to receive rewards. Bonded ISLM adds to a validator's stake. Validators provide their stakes as collateral to participate in the consensus process. Validators with larger stakes are chosen to participate more often. Validators receive staking rewards for their participation. A validator's stake can be slashed if the validator misbehaves. Validators never have ownership of a delegator's ISLM, even when staking.
CometBFT (Tendermint) consensus
The consensus procedure used by the HAQQ Network. First, a validator proposes a new block. Other validators vote on the block in two rounds. If a block receives a two-thirds majority or greater of yes votes in both rounds, it gets added to the blockchain. Validators get rewarded with the block's transaction fees. Proposers get rewarded extra. Each validator is chosen to propose based on their weight. Checkout the CometBFT official documentation for more information.
HAQQ
The official source code for the HAQQ Network.
HAQQ Mainnet
The HAQQ's blockchain network where all transactions take place.
Haqqd
A command line interface for connecting to a HAQQ node.
HAQQ Testnet
A version of the mainnet just for testing. The testnet does not use real coins. You can use the testnet to get familiar with transactions.
Total stake
The total amount of ISLM bonded to a delegator, including self-bonded ISLM.
Unbonded validator
A validator that is not in the active set and does not participate in consensus or receive rewards. Some unbonded validators may be jailed.
Unbonding validator
A validator transitioning from the active set to the inactive set. An unbonding validator does not participate in consensus or earn rewards. The unbonding process takes 21 days.
Unbonded ISLM
ISLM that can be freely transferred and is not staked to a validator.
Unbonding
When a delegator decides to undelegate their ISLM from a validator. This process takes 21 days. No rewards accrue during this period. This action cannot be stopped once executed.
Unbonding ISLM
ISLM that is transitioning from bonded to unbonded. ISLM that is unbonding cannot be transferred freely. The unbonding process takes 21 days. No rewards accrue during this period. This action cannot be stopped once executed.
Undelegate
When a delegator no longer wishes to have their ISLM bonded to a validator. This process takes 21 days. No rewards accrue during this period. This action cannot be stopped once executed.
Uptime
The amount of time a validator has been active in a given timeframe. Validators with low up time may be slashed.
Validator
A HAQQ Network miner responsible for verifying transactions on the blockchain. Validators run programs called full nodes that allow them to participate in consensus, verify blocks, participate in governance, and receive rewards. The top 150 validators with the highest total stake can participate in consensus.
Weight
The measure of a validator's total stake. Validators with higher weights get selected more often to propose blocks. A validator's weight is also a measure of their voting power in governance.